Cov yam tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob 1, lub sijhawm khaws cia Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog lawv tus kheej cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob sophisticated. Thaum khaws cia ntev, lawv yuav ua rau muaj kev sib txawv hauv lawv cov tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv, thiab tom qab ntawd cov txiaj ntsig ntawm symmetry yuav cuam tshuam rau lawv. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej siv hluav taws xob sib npaug rau qhov hnyav, nco ntsoov sib npaug

Kev ua kom huv huv thiab kev sib cais ntau hauv cov chaw soj nstuam Purification hais txog kev ua kom huv ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw kom tshem tawm cov impurities, thiab tau txais cov khoom siv hauv cov khoom sib xyaw, thiab cov purified impurities tsis tas yuav xav txog cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab lub cev lub cev. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los cais cov sib tov, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg dav