Introduction
Kawm tiav pipettes yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv chav kuaj thoob ntiaj teb, qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas qhov tseeb thiab hloov cov kua dej. Txawm hais tias koj tab tom ua haujlwm hauv chemistry, biology, lossis chaw kuaj mob, kev nkag siab txog cov nuances ntawm kev kawm tiav pipettes yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom raug thiab ua tau zoo hauv koj qhov kev sim. Phau ntawv qhia no muab cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov pipettes tiav, suav nrog lawv hom, nta, qhov sib txawv ntawm lwm cov pipettes, thiab cov lus qhia tswv yim rau kev siv kom raug.
1. Dab tsi yog Graduated Pipette?
Ib tug kawm tiav pipette yog ib lub khob los yog yas raj cim nrog ib tug series ntawm kab (kev kawm tiav) los ntsuas cov ntim ntawm cov kua. Tsis zoo li volumetric pipettes, uas ntsuas ib zaug, tas ntim, kawm tiav pipettes tso cai rau cov neeg siv ntsuas qhov sib txawv, ua rau lawv muaj ntau yam rau cov ntawv thov sib txawv.
Hom Kawm Tiav Pipettes
- Mohr Pipette (Subterminal Pipette):
- Kawm tiav: Nres ua ntej lub tswv yim.
- pab: Feem ntau siv rau hauv titrations qhov twg yuav tsum tau tswj lub ntim meej.
- Serological Pipette (Terminal Pipette):
- Kawm tiav: Extends mus rau lub ntsis.
- pab: Qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev hloov cov kua uas tag nrho cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum tau muab xa mus.
2. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm Cov Pipettes Kawm tiav
- khoom siv: Muaj nyob rau hauv iav (borosilicate) los yog yas, txhua qhov muab cov txiaj ntsig sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kav ntev.
- Ntsuas: Kawm tiav pipettes feem ntau calibrated xa (TD) los yog kom muaj (TC) cov ntim tshwj xeeb.
- Loj Variations: Muaj nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg, los ntawm 0.1 mL mus rau 25 mL, nrog rau 1 mL, 5 mL, thiab 10 mL yog cov feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv lub chaw soj nstuam.
- raug: Cov pipettes me me muab qhov tseeb dua, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau kev ntsuas tseem ceeb.
3. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov Pipettes Kawm tiav thiab lwm yam cuab yeej kuaj
- Volumetric Pipettes:
- lub hom phiaj: Tsim los rau kev ntsuas ib zaug, lub ntim ntim nrog qhov raug siab.
- Piv: Thaum volumetric pipettes muaj ntau dua precision, kawm tiav pipettes muab tau yooj yim hauv kev ntsuas qhov sib txawv.
- Burettes:
- lub hom phiaj: Siv feem ntau hauv titration rau dispense paub ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov kua reagent.
- Piv: Tsis zoo li cov pipettes kawm tiav, burettes yog nruab nrog lub stopcock rau kev tswj cov kua tso tawm.
4. Yuav Siv Cov Pipette Kawm Tiav li cas kom raug
Kev siv lub pipette tiav lawm yuav tsum tau xyaum thiab precision:
- Filling Pipette: Tuav lub pipette los ntawm qhov thib peb sab sauv thiab siv lub tshuab nqus dej los kos cov kua saum toj ntawm qhov xav tau kev kawm tiav.
- Meniscus Nyeem Ntawv: Xyuas kom lub meniscus (qhov nkhaus ntawm cov kua) ua raws li cov cim kawm tiav thaum saib ntawm qhov muag.
- Dispensing kua: Maj mam tso cov kua rau hauv lub thawv uas xav tau, nres thaum lub meniscus ncav cuag lub hom phiaj ntim.
Tswv yim: Ib txwm ua ntej ntub cov pipette nrog cov kua koj yuav ntsuas kom paub tseeb tias qhov tseeb thiab txo qhov yuam kev los ntawm qhov nro.
5. Kev siv ntau yam ntawm Pipettes Kawm tiav
Graduated pipettes yog siv dav hauv:
- Chemistry Labs: Txhawm rau npaj cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov concentrations meej.
- Biology Labs: Rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes kab lis kev cai thiab kev npaj xov xwm.
- Kev kuaj mob: Hauv cov txheej txheem uas yuav tsum tau ntsuas thiab hloov pauv cov kua roj ntsha.
6. Tswj thiab ntsuas cov Pipettes Kawm tiav
Kev saib xyuas kom raug thiab ntsuas qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub neej ntev thiab raug ntawm koj cov pipettes kawm tiav:
- Tu: Yaug nrog dej distilled tom qab txhua qhov kev siv los tiv thaiv cov residue build-up.
- nyeem ntxiv:Yuav ua li cas ntxuav iav hauv chav kuaj
- Ntsuas: Tsis tu ncua calibration yog tsim nyog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias lub pipette nquag siv. Qhov no ua kom muaj qhov tseeb txuas ntxiv hauv kev ntsuas.
xaus
Cov pipettes kawm tiav yog ntau yam thiab cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv txhua qhov chaw kuaj, muab qhov yooj yim thiab meej rau ntau yam dej ntsuas dej. Nkag siab txog lawv hom, nta, thiab kev siv kom raug tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov tseeb ntawm koj qhov kev sim.
Cov peev txheej sab nraud:
- American Chemical Society ntawm Pipettes
- ISO Standards rau Laboratory Glassware
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) ntawm Calibration
Los ntawm kev ua raws li cov lus qhia no thiab ua kom muaj kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua, koj tuaj yeem ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm koj cov pipettes kawm tiav thiab ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv koj qhov chaw ua haujlwm.
