Japanese university laboratories have done these 5 points
The research level of Japanese universities is at the forefront of the world, and research work is also very active, and these are often attributed to their adequate teaching resources, spacious experimental sites and advanced equipment.
This paper introduces the experimental environment and experimental conditions, experimental raw material procurement management, instrument and equipment management mechanism, large-scale instrument and equipment sharing and experimental waste classification and treatment in some universities in Japan, and further analyzes the current situation of construction management of university laboratories in China. The work enlightenment was brought by the laboratory management of Japanese universities.
Japanese university laboratory management characteristics
01 Experimental environment and experimental conditions
Experimental environment and experimental conditions Construction of Japanese university laboratories is generally small or even crowded, and the equipment may not be advanced, but the number of sets is large and complete, and placed reasonably.
Although the on-campus laboratory is busy, it is well organized. Because most universities have a large number of experimental instruments and equipment, and the laboratory area is limited.
Therefore, it makes full use of the laboratory space. The experimental bench, the test bench and the wall between the research chambers are carefully designed, and the connection is zero distance.
The equipment is placed in a frame type, and the instrument can be assembled. In the framework, the placement area of the instruments and equipment is greatly saved, the space utilization is more reasonable, and the use is convenient. The seats in the students’ self-study room are also placed in the slots, and the corridors in the experimental building and the undergraduate teaching public laboratory are effectively utilized.
The common passage outside the laboratory is kept open at all times, and emergency calls, alarm equipment, and spray facilities are all available, with brief instructions. Safety instructions, escape guidelines and waste sorting instructions are posted in the eye-catching position of the laboratory to guide the staff in complying with the regulations.
The layout of the indoor circuit is reasonable, the layout of the device is from top to bottom, the space can be effectively utilized, and the maintenance is convenient, the safety hazard caused by improper pipeline layout is reduced, and the electric shock caused by water leakage and short circuit of the equipment during the experiment is effectively avoided. The gas line is provided to facilitate the fixing of the high-pressure steel cylinder to the corner, and is marked at the corresponding position to avoid unnecessary experimental misoperation.
02 Purchase and use management of experimental materials
Japanese universities also have their own uniqueness in the procurement and use management of experimental materials. Drugs are usually purchased from institutions that have been certified by the relevant departments of the school. This avoids the loss of control over the management of hazardous chemicals due to multiple channels of purchase, and further avoids potential safety hazards.
The purchase of some experimental samples and small pharmaceutical reagents is mainly done by students, but the pharmacy with a unit price exceeding a certain amount must be approved by the instructor before purchase. After the drug reagents are purchased, the information (such as the name, grade, use, amount of drug, placement and expiration date) should be directly entered into the “drug management support system” shared by the school.
If students need to use it, they should also enter the information of the drug user, usage, time of use and main purpose in time. This method can prevent product waste caused by repeated purchase of pharmaceutical reagents, and can also monitor and trace the use of the whole process.
03 Glassware and equipment management system
The basic laboratory is open to the faculty and can be reserved for public appointments. The professional laboratory is mainly for senior undergraduates, graduate students and teachers. As long as you have participated in the instrument use training and obtained the operation certificate, you can apply for direct use of the instrument.
The National University of Japan receives relatively abundant funds from the Ministry of Education and Culture each year. The educational expenses are allocated according to the type and quantity of teachers and students, as well as tuition fees, research fees and community sponsorship fees. The experimental funds are mainly proposed by the professors according to the needs of teaching and disciplinary development, mainly funded by the Ministry of Education, as well as professors’ research funding equipment and principal fund inputs.
04 Large instrument sharing service mechanism
Due to the limited laboratory area of Japanese universities, in order to save labor for laboratory construction, reduce operating costs, and improve school efficiency, most universities have a large-scale instrument public platform shared by the whole school. If you need to use a large-scale instrument and equipment, the researcher must fill out the application on the Internet.
After the administrator has passed the examination, the researcher can scan by fingerprint. A calendar of usage of the device is placed next to each instrument, and the user can fill in the appointment time on the calendar. The central laboratory building is equipped with an access control system and an electronic monitoring device. Each instrument is marked with the instrument operation specification and the name and contact information of the instrument management personnel.
05 Laboratory waste and waste liquid sorting
In response to the environmental pollution caused by environmental pollution, Japan formulated the “Basic Law on Pollution Countermeasures” in the 1960s, and made strict regulations on the atmosphere, water quality, soil pollution, and noise environmental standards. In 1971, Japan established the National Environmental Agency to comprehensively promote pollution management.
The air quality has improved significantly. The national SO2 emissions have dropped from 4.2 million tons in 1972 to 2.6 million tons in 1978, a reduction of 40%. During the period, Japan focused on the organic integration of environmental protection concepts and safety education, so that the nationals formed a good environmental safety habit in the subtle.
Due to environmental sanitation and the recycling of resources, Japan has gradually refined the waste classification method since the 1970s, reducing the pollution of the environment from the source and further improving the utilization of resources.
The wastes generated by Japanese universities during the experiment process shall be sorted and collected in each laboratory according to the provisions of the waste disposal instructions.
Among them, the experimental waste liquid is divided according to the acidity and alkalinity of the liquid and the type of heavy metals contained in it and is recycled by the specialized institutions of the school and submitted to the relevant state agencies for treatment. All laboratories in colleges and universities are regularly conducting safety inspections by special personnel, and the laboratory safety inspection records are detailed and complete. If a safety accident occurs during the period, the relevant departments shall promptly notify the teachers and students of the whole department and give them a warning.
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